What colors can dogs see? Is it color blind?

Dogs can see a relatively limited number of colors, which differs significantly from the human visual experience. The following are detailed answers to the question of what colors dogs can see:

The types of colors dogs can see
The main colors that dogs can see include black, white, and gray, as well as different shades of these colors, such as shades of gray, yellow, and blue. In addition, they have some ability to distinguish purple. However, dogs have a weaker perception of red and green. Red may appear as dark or black to dogs, while green may be perceived as white, and therefore dogs are often considered to be red-green colorblind.

Characteristics of the dog's visual system
Types of cone cells: There are two main types of cone cells in the retina of dogs, which are sensitive to short and medium-length wavelength light waves respectively, which makes them able to distinguish blue and yellow, but unable to perceive red and green as humans do.
Night vision: Despite their limitations in color perception, dogs have excellent vision in low-light conditions. Dogs have a large number of optic rod cells in their retinas that are very sensitive to faint light, allowing them to maintain clear vision at night or in low-light environments, as well as requiring them to capture more information by turning their head quickly and moving their eyes.
Range of vision: Dogs have a relatively narrow range of vision, about three-fifths that of humans. However, dogs will make up for this by turning their heads quickly and moving their eyes to capture more information.

How dogs perceive the world
In addition to vision, dogs rely on other senses to perceive and understand the world. For example, dogs have a very sensitive sense of smell and hearing, and they are able to recognize their masters, distinguish the environment and catch prey through smell and sound. In addition, dogs are able to perceive and experience the world around them through touch and taste.

In summary, dogs are able to see a relatively limited variety of colors, but they adapt to and perceive the world around them through the compensatory effects of their other senses as well as through their unique visual abilities (e.g., night vision). In raising dogs, we should fully understand and respect their physiological characteristics and provide them with suitable living environment and care.